WattMath

Steam Pipe Heat Loss Calculator

Calculate heat loss from uninsulated steam pipes and potential energy and cost savings from adding pipe insulation.

Pipe Details

212°F (0 psig) to 400°F+ (high pressure)

8760 = continuous operation

$10-$25 typical

Insulation Options

Steam Pipe Heat Loss

Uninsulated steam pipes lose significant heat to the surrounding environment. Proper insulation can reduce heat loss by 90%+ and quickly pay for itself.

  • Bare pipe: 200-400 BTU/hr per linear foot
  • 1,000 BTU ≈ 1 lb of steam (at atmospheric)
  • Typical payback: 6-18 months

How to Use

  1. Enter pipe length, diameter, and steam temperature
  2. Set ambient temperature and annual operating hours
  3. Choose insulation type and thickness to compare
  4. Click Calculate to see heat loss analysis and savings

FAQ

How much can insulation save?

Properly installed insulation typically reduces heat loss by 85-95%. A 100-foot run of 4" bare pipe at 350°F can waste $3,000+ in steam annually—insulation usually pays for itself within 1-2 years.

Which insulation type should I use?

Fiberglass is most common and cost-effective for temperatures up to 450°F. Calcium silicate handles higher temps (up to 1200°F) and is more abuse-resistant. Mineral wool offers a good balance. Cellular glass is best for wet environments.

What thickness do I need?

Thickness depends on pipe size, temperature, and energy costs. For steam pipes, 1.5"-3" is typical. Higher temperatures and larger pipes benefit from thicker insulation. DOE recommends "economic thickness" analysis for optimal sizing.